Diabetes is a disease that occurs when your blood glucose, also called blood sugar, is too high.
It’s usually caused by a combination of factors including:
- High blood pressure
- Obesity and being overweight (being overweight increases your risk of developing diabetes)
- Family history—your parents may have had diabetes or other diseases that increase your risk of developing it
Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas that allows your body to use sugar (glucose) from carbohydrates in the food that you eat for energy or to store glucose for future use.
Diabetes occurs when insulin cannot do its job effectively, resulting in high blood sugar levels.
In type 1 diabetes, which affects about one percent of people worldwide, there is no detectable insulin production; instead, they have antibodies against it. In contrast, most people with type 2 diabetes have elevated levels of insulin after decades of poor diet and lack of exercise—but not enough to keep their blood glucose at normal levels.
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